Western Palearctic		global	WP	as	WP endemics	as share	Western	Eastern	Palearctic	as	comments
	Europe, North Africa, Middle East (excl. South Arabia)		number of	number of	share of	number of	of global	share of	share of	number of	share of	referring to species in
	excluding birds exotic for this area		species	species	global	species	species	Palearctic	Palearctic	species	global	Western Palearctic
STRUTHIONIDAE	OSTRICHES	1	2									Common Ostrich hunted to extinction in Syria and Arabia by the middle of the 20th century
ANATIDAE	DUCKS, GEESE, SWANS	8	157	40	25%	2	1%	74%	87%	54	34%	highest number of non-passerines in Western Palearctic; includes Goldeneye
PHASIANIDAE	PARTRIDGES, PHEASANTS, GROUSE	13	177	17	10%	5	3%	33%	86%	51	29%	highest number of endemics (non-passerines) in Western Palearctic; includes Black Francolin, Common Quail, Snowcocks; Grouse sometimes (BTO) in its own family: Tetraonidae
PHOENICOPTERIDAE	FLAMINGOS	14	6	1	17%			<all>	<all>	1	17%	Greater Flamingo: S Europe, C Asia, NW India, N, E and S Africa; order in Germany previously called Verkehrtschnäbel (wrongbills)
PODICIPEDIDAE	GREBES	15	19	5	26%			<all>	80%	5	26%
COLUMBIDAE	PIGEONS	16	304	8	3%	2	1%	42%	89%	19	6%	Streptopelia turtur only European dove migrating sub-Sahara
PTEROCLIDAE	SANDGROUSE	17	16	5	31%			63%	<all>	8	50%	almost 1/3 of Sandgrouse in Western Palearctic; there has been some controversy about how to spell the family name: Pteroclididae and even Pterocleidae have been used
PHAETHONTIDAE	TROPICBIRDS	21	3	1	33%			<all>	none	1	1/3	Red-billed Tropicbird has colonised the Canary Islands in the 21st Century
CAPRIMULGIDAE	NIGHTJARS	25	90	4	4%			1/2	63%	8	9%
APODIDAE	SWIFTS	27	99	6	6%			55%	73%	11	11%
CUCULIDAE	CUCKOOS	30	139	3	2%			27%	91%	11	8%	Great Spotted Cuckoo: S Europe; Oriental Cuckoo: East of Moscow
RALLIDAE	RAILS AND COOTS	31	127	9	7%			60%	80%	15	12%	Incl. Crakes; the largest number of species and the most primitive forms are found in the Old World; a few genera appear to have specialized and radiated in the New World, some of which have reinvaded the Old World
GRUIDAE	CRANES	36	15	2	13%			29%	<all>	7	47%
OTIDIDAE	BUSTARDS	37	26	3	12%	1	4%	3/4	1/2	4	15%	Peters: Otidae
GAVIIDAE	DIVERS OR LOONS	39	5	4	80%			<all>	3/4	4	80%
OCEANITIDAE	AUSTRAL STORM-PETRELS	41	8	1	13%			<all>	none	1	13%	new family: extracted from Hydrobatidae (disputed, sometimes seen as an alternative name for the Hydrobatidae); White-faced Storm-petrel: west of Portugal
DIOMEDEIDAE	ALBATROSSES	42						none	<all>	3		Short-tailed Albatross eliminated some 40,000 years ago in North Atlantic due to 20m higher sea level
HYDROBATIDAE	NORTHERN STORM-PETRELS	43	14	3	21%	2	14%	3/5	3/5	5	36%
PROCELLARIIDAE	PETRELS AND SHEARWATERS	44	84	9	11%	3	4%	90%	20%	10	12%	includes Northern Fulmar
CICONIIDAE	STORKS	45	19	2	11%			2/3	2/3	3	16%	Black Stork: continental Europe; alls storks are mute
PELECANIDAE	PELICANS	46	8	2	25%			<all>	<all>	2	25%	Great White Pelican: SE Europe
ARDEIDAE	HERONS	49	62	9	15%			69%	85%	13	21%	includes Bitterns, Egrets
THRESKIORNITHIDAE	IBISES AND SPOONBILLS	50	34	3	9%			3/5	4/5	5	15%	for taxonomic 'ibis', see Ardeidae (Bubulcus ibis: Cattle Egret, up to the 1980s called Ardeola ibis)
SULIDAE	GANNETS AND BOOBIES	52	10	1	10%			<all>	none	1	10%
PHALACROCORACIDAE	CORMORANTS	53	30	3	10%	2	7%	1/2	2/3	6	20%	includes Shag; family sometimes erroneously called Phalacrocoridae
ANHINGIDAE	DARTERS	54	4	1	25%			<all>	none	1	1/4	Levant Darter (Anhinga rufa chantrei) remains in Iraq/Iran
BURHINIDAE	THICK-KNEES	55	9	1	11%			<all>	<all>	1	11%	includes Stone-curlew
HAEMATOPODIDAE	OYSTERCATCHERS AND IBISBILL	58	12	1	8%			1/2	<all>	2	17%
RECURVIROSTRIDAE	STILTS AND AVOCETS	59	7	2	29%			<all>	<all>	2	29%
CHARADRIIDAE	PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS	60	67	11	16%			61%	83%	18	27%	includes Dotterel
ROSTRATULIDAE	PAINTED-SNIPE	63						none	<all>	1
SCOLOPACIDAE	SANDPIPERS	65	90	29	32%			62%	96%	47	52%	almost 1/3 of Sandpipers in Western Palearctic; includes Sanderling, Dunlin, Turnstone, Knot, Ruff, Snipe, Godwit, Curlew, Phalarope, Woodcock, Redshank, Greenshank, Stint
TURNICIDAE	BUTTONQUAILS	66	16	1	6%			<all>	none	1	6%	Common Buttonquail: Morocco
GLAREOLIDAE	COURSERS AND PRATINCOLES	68	17	3	18%			3/4	1/2	4	24%
ALCIDAE	AUKS	69	24	6	25%			30%	75%	20	83%	includes Razorbill, Guillemot, Murrelet, Puffin; the Great Auk (Pinguinus impennis) is a species of flightless alcid that became extinct in the mid-19th century
STERCORARIIDAE	SKUAS OR JAEGERS	70	7	4	57%			<all>	3/4	4	57%
LARIDAE	GULLS AND TERNS	71	99	29	29%	2	2%	66%	80%	44	44%	includes Kittiwake; following genetic research in the early twenty-first century, the terns are e.g. at BTO (sometimes already in the 1970s) given full family status in a separate family: Sternidae
PANDIONIDAE	OSPREY	74	1	1	<all>			<all>	<all>	1	100%	worldwide distrbution
ACCIPITRIDAE	KITES, HAWKS AND EAGLES	75	240	30	13%	3	1%	71%	83%	42	18%
TYTONIDAE	BARN OWLS	76	19	1	5%			<all>	<all>	1	5%	Barn Owl worldwide distrbution
STRIGIDAE	OWLS	77	195	15	8%			63%	96%	24	12%
UPUPIDAE	HOOPOES	82	1	1	<all>			<all>	<all>	1	100%	old world
PICIDAE	WOODPECKERS	87	216	11	5%	2	1%	42%	92%	26	12%
MEROPIDAE	BEE-EATERS	89	27	2	7%			2/3	2/3	3	11%	Green Bee-eater: Nile
CORACIIDAE	ROLLERS	90	12	1	8%			1/3	<all>	3	25%
ALCEDINIDAE	KINGFISHERS	94	90	2	2%			1/2	3/4	4	4%	Pied Kingfisher: Turkey; Ruddy Kingfisher: NE Mediterranean
FALCONIDAE	FALCONS AND CARACARAS	96	63	10	16%			91%	82%	11	17%
PITTIDAE	PITTAS	102						none	<all>
CAMPEPHAGIDAE	MINIVETS AND CUCKOOSHRIKES	143						none	<all>	9
ORIOLIDAE	ORIOLES, FIGBIRDS AND ALLIES	152	33	1	3%			<all>	<all>	1	3%	Eurasian Golden Oriole
MALACONOTIDAE	BUSH-SHRIKES, PUFFBACKS AND TCHAGRAS	160	46	1	2%			<all>	none	1	2%	Black-crowned or Black-heaed Tchagra (Morocco to Tunisia), formerly in Laniidae
DICRURIDAE	DRONGOS	161						none	<all>	3
LANIIDAE	SHRIKES	163	34	7	21%	1	3%	41%	82%	17	50%
CORVIDAE	CROWS AND JAYS	164	125	15	12%	2	2%	58%	85%	26	21%
MONARCHIDAE	MONARCHS	165						none	<all>	3
NECTARINIIDAE	SUNBIRDS	174	136	1	1%			1/4	3/4	4	3%	Palestine Sunbird (down to Yemen)
UROCYNCHRAMIDAE	PRZEVALSKI'S ROSEFINCH	176						none	<all>	1		removed from Fringillidae
PRUNELLIDAE	ACCENTORS	177	12	4	33%	1	8%	1/3	92%	12	100%	Dunnock (Hedge Sparrow) only Accentor in Western Palearctic
PASSERIDAE	SPARROWS, SNOWFINCHES AND ALLIES	182	38	13	34%	3	8%	59%	73%	22	58%	over 1/3 of Passeridae (split off from Ploceidae) in Western Palearctic
MOTACILLIDAE	WAGTAILS AND PIPITS	183	67	12	18%	2	3%	52%	91%	23	34%
FRINGILLIDAE	FINCHES, EUPHONIAS AND HAWAIIAN HONEYCREEPERS	184	198	30	15%	8	4%	41%	86%	73	37%	highest number of endemics (passerines) in Western Palearctic; includes Chaffinch, Brambling, Siskin, Grosbeak, Crossbill, Canary, Redpoll, Linnet, Serin, Twite
CALCARIIDAE	LONGSPURS	185	6	2	33%			<all>	<all>	2	1/3	split off from Emberizidae; includes Snow Bunting
EMBERIZIDAE	OLD WORLD BUNTINGS	187	41	14	34%	1	2%	44%	84%	32	78%	believed to have evolved in the New World; related to Thraupidae and Cardinalidae (both now split off from Emberizidae)
PARIDAE	TITS, CHICKADEES	199	59	11	19%	4	7%	41%	81%	27	46%	The common ancestor of the Paridae and the Remizidae inhabited tropical Africa and China
REMIZIDAE	PENDULINE TITS	200	10	2	20%			2/3	<all>	3	30%
ALAUDIDAE	LARKS	202	93	17	18%	2	2%	74%	70%	23	25%
PANURIDAE	BEARDED REEDLING	203	1	1	<all>			<all>	<all>	1	100%	'Bearded Tit' or Bearded Reedling: Europe to Russian Far East; at IOC in Paradoxornithidae (Parrotbills)
CISTICOLIDAE	CISTICOLAS	205	139	2	1%			2/3	2/3	3	2%	new family: Cisticola, Prinia from Sylviidae; Zitting Cisticola in Southern, France, Italy, etc
LOCUSTELLIDAE	GRASSBIRDS AND ALLIES	206	57	3	5%			21%	<all>	14	25%	new family: earlier in Sylviidae
ACROCEPHALIDAE	BRUSH, REED AND SWAMP WARBLERS	209	53	15	28%			65%	87%	23	43%	removed from Sylviidae
HIRUNDINIDAE	SWALLOWS	211	84	7	8%			58%	83%	12	14%	bluebird is an old country name for swallows and house martins, which make an annual migration to continental Europe; Plain Martin in Morocco; Pale Crag Martin in N Africa, Middle East
PYCNONOTIDAE	BULBULS	212	130	2	2%			20%	80%	10	8%	White-spectacled Bulbul: Turkey to Yemen; White-eared Bulbul: Iraq to Pakistan
PHYLLOSCOPIDAE	OLD WORLD LEAF WARBLERS	213	77	13	17%	3	4%	32%	88%	41	53%	new family: formerly in Sylviidae; includes Wood Warbler, wintering in tropical Africa, Willow Warbler, wintering down to South Africa and Chiffchaff, wintering well above the equator up to Southern England
SCOTOCERCIDAE	BUSH WARBLERS AND ALLIES	214	37	2	5%			22%	100%	9	24%	new family: extracted from Sylviidae; Cetti's Warbler: W and S Europe, NW Africa to NW China; Streaked Scrub Warbler: Mauritania to Pakistan
AEGITHALIDAE	LONG-TAILED TITS	215	10	1	10%			17%	<all>	6	60%
SYLVIIDAE	SYLVIA WARBLERS, PARROTBILLS AND ALLIES	216	62	21	34%	3	5%	50%	64%	42	68%	immigrations from Southeast Asia; closely related to Timaliidae, so better speak of Sylvia Babblers; various species moved to Cisticolidae, Locustellidae, Acrocephalidae, Phylloscopidae, Scotocercidae, Regulidae
ZOSTEROPIDAE	WHITE-EYES	217						none	<all>	2		White-eyes look like thrushes, wrens, tits or pittas
LEIOTHRICHIDAE	BABBLERS, LAUGHING-THRUSHES AND ALLIES	220	125	3	2%	1	1%	9%	91%	32	26%	Fulvous Babbler: N Africa; Arabian Babbler: Middle East; Iraq Babbler: Iraq, Iran
REGULIDAE	GOLDCRESTS OR KINGLETS	221	6	3	50%	2	33%	<all>	1/3	3	1/2	new family (frequently used since 1950s): earlier in Sylviidae
BOMBYCILLIDAE	WAXWINGS	223	3	1	33%			1/2	<all>	2	2/3
HYPOCOLIIDAE	HYPOCOLIUS AND ALLIES	224	2	1	50%			<all>	none	1	50%
CERTHIIDAE	TREECREEPERS	227	9	2	22%	1	11%	2/5	4/5	5	56%
SITTIDAE	NUTHATCHES, SALPORNISES AND WALLCREEPER	228	28	7	25%	4	14%	50%	71%	14	50%
TROGLODYTIDAE	WRENS	229	82	1	1%			<all>	<all>	1	1%
STURNIDAE	STARLINGS	233	111	4	4%	1	1%	36%	82%	11	10%	Rosy "' SE Europe to India; Tristram's "": Syria to South Arabia; Spotless "": Iberia, NW Africa
CINCLIDAE	DIPPERS	234	5	1	20%			1/2	<all>	2	40%
MUSCICAPIDAE	CHATS AND FLYCATCHERS	235	303	38	13%	5	2%	37%	83%	103	34%	highest number of passerines in Western Palearctic; many species formerly in Turdidae, incl. Robin, Nightingale, Bluethroat, Wheatear, Rock Thrush, Stonechat, Blackstart
TURDIDAE	THRUSHES	236	156	7	4%	1	1%	22%	<all>	32	1/5	includes Blackbird, Fieldfare, Redwing, Ring Ouzel (only Palearctic thrush not in Eastern region, where most probable ancestral regions for all Turdus species were located)
33% of families	Aves in Western Palearctic	79 families	5047	568	11%	69	12%	49%	84%	1160	23%
44% of families	non-passerines	44 families	2668	303	11%	24	8%	60%	83%	509	19%
26% of families	passerines	35 families	2379	265	11%	45	17%	41%	84%	651	27%
global	Aves		10027	568	6%			22	29	families:		<all>	all Palearctic species in above mentioned region
global	non-passerines		4021	303	8%			8	7	families:		none	no Palearctic species in above mentioned region
global	passerines		6006	265	4%
	Western Palearctic		global	WP	as	WP endemics	as share	Western	Eastern	Palearctic	as	comments
	Europe, North Africa, Middle East (excl. South Arabia)		number of	number of	share of	number of	of global	share of	share of	number of	share of	referring to species in
			species	species	global	species	species	Palearctic	Palearctic	species	global	Western Palearctic
Source: The Howard and Moore complete checklist of the birds of the world, 2013~2014
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